Belonging Essay - 1279 Words

Belonging consists of a struggle with opposing pressures. A desire to belong also consists of emotional conflicts and struggles between being acknowledged while also remaining as an individual and retaining personal ideals which may ultimately result in a connection. This is explored in Emily Dickinson’s selected poetry I died for beauty, but was scarce and I had been hungry all the years , as well as Scott Westerfeld’s novel Uglies. These texts all depict a struggle between being recognised and accepted in society and the desire to remain true to one’s self, exploring the paradoxical nature of belonging which, on one hand, provides fulfilment, but also removes a sense of personal identity. Dickinson’s I died for beauty, but was scarce†¦show more content†¦Struggles between opposing pressures of conformity and individuality which can also bring about connection is successfully explored by Dickinson through the depiction of the persona’s conflict between a desire to belong yet desiring individuality as an artist, which ultimately results in a harmony between the two personas due to similar desires. Scott Westerfeld’s Uglies also explores the struggle with maintaining individual identity while wishing to be accepted society through the perspective of protagonist Tally Youngblood.  ¬Tally and Shay display conflicting perspectives towards the ‘pretties’ where Tally’s desire to join the community evident in a positive tone that is used when describing them such as â€Å"beautiful† is contrasted with Shay’s views of the society in â€Å"doing what youre supposed to do is always boring†, where a struggle between opposing views is illustrated through the two in which Tally shows a wish to be accepted while Shay instead only wants to remain herself rather than have her ideals forcefully removed.Show MoreRelatedBelonging1049 Words   |  5 PagesBelonging can be a possible path to an individual’s self-actualisation. A sense of identity can be identified by belonging or not belonging to a particular group or place. A person can portray different values of belonging through different situations and settings, like in Shakespeare’s period and the period in ‘Fight Club’. Maslow’s Hierarchy of belonging suggests that belonging is one of the basic needs of human existence. All humans aspire to belong but only a few are able to transcend this basicRead MoreBelonging882 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals through a vast range of different processes and levels. A sense belonging is vital for our existence as it creates a sense of fulfilment and protection in our lives. We spend our lifetime searching to belong and be accepted and in the absence of this our lives can becoming meaningless and lose value. So what does Belonging mean, although a sense of Belonging may vary from person to person a universal meaning of belonging may be a way of acceptance,having security, fulfilment and a connectionRead MoreIdentity and Belonging758 Words   |  4 Pagesbelong is a confusing and unfortunate case, where one can find themselves lost and frustrated, as they do not have a safe zone. Through the use of text and film, it can be explored that this concept if difference hinders one from feeling a sense of belonging. Whether it be a persons inability to adapt or their lack of confidence. As we progress through life we discover that our differences make it harder for us to belong. As shown in ‘growing up in australia’, tormenting young adolescents is somethingRead MoreBelonging Essay1301 Words   |  6 PagesBelonging Essay Concept, perceptions and ideas to belong or not to belong differ from person to person. This is due to experiences that shape ones personality that come through personal, cultural, social and historical context. The idea of belonging allows one to have some sort of connection and communal with people, places, groups, communities and the wider world. In contrast not belonging causes one to suffer from alienation, exclusion and marginalisation. As a result these factors can cause anRead MoreBelonging Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesPeter Skrzynecki Belonging Essay Significant moments in time shape an understanding of belonging. Explore how this is evident in you prescribed text and at least ONE other related text of your own choosing. Belonging is defined as fitting in to a particular environment or having the right personal or social qualities to be a member of a particular group. Our belonging to or connections with people, places and groups allows one to develop a distinct identity characterised by affiliation, acceptanceRead MoreBelonging Essay.1303 Words   |  6 Pagesexperience of belonging.† Discuss this view with detailed reference ( 2010 HSC Question) Considered a fundamental aspect of being human, belonging is an ambiguous concept which can offer individuals a sense of identity, security and connectedness. Experiences of belonging are closely related to a person’s interaction with others, as positive experiences can enrich their sense of belonging, and negative experiences can limit their sense of belonging. An individual’s limited experience of belonging throughRead MoreBelonging Place2198 Words   |  9 PagesFinding a sense of belonging to a place can influence an individual’s sense of acceptance within the community and culture or opposingly can enhance their sense of isolation and alienation from society.This is reflected through Raimond Gaita’s memoir Romulus My Father and Manfred Jurgensen’s poem Bonegilla 1916 through extensive literary devices.We learn individuals perceptions of place and their ability to adjust to new places governs their ability to belong and feel at home with new cu ltures. Read MoreBelonging Essay2272 Words   |  10 Pages  ENGLISH   CONTENTS    PAGE:   BELONGING    BELONGING   ESSAY   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ   PAGES   2- ­Ã¢â‚¬ 3    BELONGING   SHORT   STORY   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ   PAGES   4- ­Ã¢â‚¬ 5       1        BELONGING   ESSAY    Perceptions   of,   and   attitudes   towards   belonging   are   varied   and   complex,   with    individuals   shaped   by   their   social,   historical   and   cultural   contexts.   Despite   being    inherent,   a   sense   of   belonging   may   be   experienced   throughRead Morebelonging speech1151 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Belonging speech Good morning/Afternoon teachers and students today I will be showing you how a sense of belonging or not belonging greatly influences an individual’s identity. A change in identity occurs when belonging is found through meaningful, intimate relationships, with senses of place, community, safety and familiarity. The free verse novel, The Simple Gift, composed by Steven Herrick, the dramatic fairy tale film, Edward Scissor hands, directed and created by Tim Burton and the novelRead MoreEssay on Belonging1074 Words   |  5 PagesDickinson’s set poems, a vast array of representations of belonging have been discerned. Through an abundance of ideas, and devices used to convey thesis’s, the texts provide variable discourses as to how we can view belonging, exploring the state of belonging, mainly through its paradoxes. Thus the study of The Smith’s songs individually as well as comparatively to Emily Dickinson has contributed significantly to my understanding of belonging. The concept of alienation is continually reverted to in

The Power of Love in Wuthering Heights Essay - 1404 Words

Wuthering Heights is a novel which deviates from the standard of Victorian literature. The novels of the Victorian Era were often works of social criticism. They generally had a moral purpose and promoted ideals of love and brotherhood. Wuthering Heights is more of a Victorian Gothic novel; it contains passion, violence, and supernatural elements (Mitchell 119). The world of Wuthering Heights seems to be a world without morals. In Wuthering Heights, Brontà « does not idealize love; she presents it realistically, with all its faults and merits. She shows that love is a powerful force which can be destructive or redemptive. Heathcliff has an all-consuming passion for Catherine. When she chooses to marry Edgar, his spurned love turns into a†¦show more content†¦Heathcliff resents her scorn. He desires to regain her approval. He attempts to be â€Å"decent† and â€Å"good† for her sake (Brontà « 40). However, his attempt to be decent fails miserably. He resents t he attentions that Catherine gives to Edgar. Catherine would rather wear a â€Å"silly frock† and have dinner with â€Å"silly friends† than ramble about the moors with him (Brontà « 50). Heathcliff keeps track of the evenings Catherine spends with Edgar and those that she spends with him. He desperately wants to be with Catherine. When Catherine announces to Nelly her engagement to Edgar, Heathcliff eavesdrops, but leaves the room when he â€Å"heard Catherine say it would degrade her to marry him† (Brontà « 59). Catherine has spurned his love, choosing Edgar over him. Heathcliff cannot bear this rejection. The love he possesses for her transcends romantic and filial love (Mitchell 124). He feels that he is one with her (Mitchell 123). When Heathcliff returns three years later, his love for Catherine motivates him to enact revenge upon all those who separated him from her. Since he last saw Catherine, he has â€Å"fought through a bitter life†; he â₠¬Å"struggled only for [her]† (Brontà « 71). Nelly observes a â€Å"half-civilized ferocity† in Heathcliff’s brows (Brontà « 70); she views him as â€Å"an evil beast†¦waiting his time to spring and destroy† (Brontà « 79). Heathcliff’s obsessive love for Catherine becomes a menacing threat. Heathcliff reproaches Catherine because she â€Å"treated [him]Show MoreRelatedThe Power Of Love In Emily Bronts Wuthering Heights973 Words   |  4 Pages The search for love is a paramount aspect of the human experience. Though it is tempting to idealize love and strive for a â€Å"perfect† relationship, the power of love is that it is a unique emotion capable of profoundly affecting the human experience, whether ultimately positively or negatively. Love manifests in multitudinous varieties; no two loves are identical and one person can even love different people in radically different ways. In her Gothic novel Wuthering Heights, Emily Brontà « offers disparateRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Wuthering Heights 1199 Words   |  5 PagesAndrew Sloop Mrs. Weaver English 4 May 29, 2017 Destructive Love In Macbeth and Wuthering Heights The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy, and betrayal. How do women gain control in a relationship? Can men regain control in a relationship? What makes a good relationship? What makes a bad relationship? Can people be over ambitious? These questions are vital to understanding the complex relationshipsRead MoreEmily Brontes Wuthering Heights: Mental Illness and Feminism1663 Words   |  7 Pages Novels are often taken by the reader at face value, and are never looked into on a deeper level. It is important to search for more than what is seen in a literary work. Wuthering Heights is a great example of a book with its own hidden secrets that can surface with a little research. Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights depicts the oppression of women from mentally unstable individuals. Overview of Author Emily Bronte was born in Yorkshire, England on July 30, 1818 (â€Å"Emily Jane Bronte 1), to a familyRead MoreGothic And Gothic Literature : Wuthering Heights1194 Words   |  5 Pages Essential Question: How are elements of a Gothic tradition present in Wuthering Heights? Gothic literature includes elements of style that is usually portrayed in tales and deals with horror, despair, the grotesque, and mysteries. In the novel Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, there are many elements of gothic literature that is found throughout the book. The term gothic is very broad in literature, and gothic can mean many different things from characteristics of people, feelings and reactionsRead MoreWuthering Heights Character Profile1602 Words   |  7 PagesIndependent Novel Project: Wuthering Heights: Emily Brontà « In the winter of 1801, our main character or the protagonist of this story, Lockwood, shows up at Wuthering Heights to make arrangements with Heathcliff who is another dominant character in this story, to rent the nearby manor. Heathcliff, the landlord, makes no effort to be pleasant and immediately becomes a source of deep curiosity to Lockwood. A snowstorm forces Lockwood to spend the night at Wuthering Heights, and he has crazy nightmaresRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Wuthering Heights 1636 Words   |  7 PagesJournal - Wuthering Heights Point of View – Wuthering Heights has two main narrators from whose point of view the novel is written. Lockwood is the primary narrator, and much is of what takes place in the present is told through his eyes, via first-person. The narration shifts to Ellen Dean, as she gives, to both Lockwood and the reader, her version of past events. She serves as the peripheral narrator, who is meant to tell the tale of what transpired before Lockwood’s arrival to Wuthering Heights. Ellen’sRead MoreThe Juxtaposition Between Nature and Man in Wuthering Heights1318 Words   |  6 PagesSet at the end of the eighteenth century, Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontà « is a mysterious book that maintains the reader on the edge of their seat as Brontà « explores the dark side of love, revenge, and the juxtaposition between nature and man. But had Wuthering Heights been set in another time period, many situations-from Heathcliff’s arrival to the Earnshaw family to the union o f Hareton and Cathy-may not have occurred. It should also be noted that many events consisted of an eerie, strange feelRead MoreEmily Bronte s Wuthering Heights1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe Series of Unfortunate Events Emily Bronte, a highly esteemed and imaginative writer, is the mastermind behind the novel Wuthering Heights. When Bronte was very young, her mother passed away from a serious, untreatable sickness. After her death, Branwell, Bronte’s older brother, took care of the children (Pettingell). Her brother, a poet and painter, turned to an alcoholic and drug abuser was responsible for the children as they all grew up together. He was irrational and never treated EmilyRead MoreWuthering Heights1013 Words   |  5 PagesIn the gothic novel, Wuthering Heights, a man named Lockwood rents a manor house called Thrushcross Grange in the moor country of England in the winter of 1801. Here, he meets his landlord, Heathcliff, a very wealthy man who lives 4 miles away in the manor called Wuthering Heights. Nelly Dean is Lockwood’s housekeeper, who worked as a servant in Wuthering Heights when she was a child. Lockwood asks her to tell him about Heathcliff, she agrees, while she tells the story Lockwood writes it all downRead More Effective Literary Elements in Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights1565 Words   |  7 PagesEffective Literary Elements in Wuthering Heights      Ã‚  Ã‚   Critics analyze and examine Wuthering Heights to obtain a deeper understanding of the message that Emily Bronte wants to convey. By focusing on the different literary elements of fiction used in the novel, readers are better able to understand how the author successfully uses theme, characters, and setting to create a very controversial novel in which the reader is torn between opposite conditions of love and hate, good and evil, revenge

Evaluating the Strategic Role of Human Resource Management

Question: Discuss about the Evaluating the Strategic Role of HRM. Answer: Introduction HR department is essential in helping the organization achieve its goals and develop the competitive ability. These are obtained through various roles such as training the best employees, training and coaching, managing work atmosphere and building capacity. The specialists in the department play essential roles in the organizations which include harnessing human potential and directing it in the proper direction. These are aimed at the achievement of the set organizations objectives(Armstrong Taylor, 2014). Besides, the Department exists for the purpose of servicing employees for the benefits of the company. Therefore, a strategic HR function empowers, enables and involve the employees in the workplace for the common goal of the organization(Kramar, 2014). This is the same for Microtask as it has a strategic department that deals with the HR issues. Functions of Strategic Human Resource Management SHRM in the organization is concerned with the development of the organization and the employees. Strategic Human Resource Development is defined as proactive styles of management in the organization. The Strategic Human Resource Management is involved in issues such as hiring, payroll, and discipline, and also includes close collaboration with employees to address the issues of employees retention, training for career development and boosting the workers work experience such as those faced by Microtask and maximizing the benefit of the employees and the employer in the firm(Kramar, 2014). The department is not only engaged in developing and securing the employees talents but, also implementing programs to develop the competitive capability and the relationship between the management and the individual workers for the purpose of organizational development. The report explores the strategic human resource management roles such as job analysis and staffing, utilization of workforce, ap praisal of performance, implementing the reward systems, professional development of workers, and maintenance of workforce(Sparrow, et al., 2016). Job analysis is a function of the HR, and it comprises the role of determining the nature of the tasks and responsibilities of the various positions in the company. Specialists in the department are regularly engaged in defining the core competencies that are adequate for a particular job and the analysis of the industry trends(Storey, 2014). This means that Microtask HRM must keep projecting the skills and abilities that are needed for future employment. The tasks of a job analysis act as a cornerstone as it generates a valid information used in formulating the criteria that can be used to promote the workers, setting the minimum and maximum wages and identifying the training needs. SHRM plays strategic roles in building organization competitive ability through recruiting the best employees, designing the best and efficient training programs, implement fruitful and active retention to develop competitive advantage of the company. While the firm rivals struggle to maintain a motivated and experienced workforce, the company get improved revenue when the HR department engages in the labour force development(Jackson, et al., 2014). For instance, Microtask can use it SHRM to participate in the review of the employees and the level of consumer satisfaction to come up with training strategy to fill the gaps. Utilization and maintenance of the enterprise workforce are another strategic functions of the HRM. The specialists are involved in the designing of the framework to make maximum use of the human capital available and help in establishing systems that allow proper communication(Armstrong Taylor, 2014). On the other hand, HR is involved in the safety through compliance with the legal framework to protect the workforce from nay hazardous conditions that can affect their wellbeing. Maintenance responsibilities include relations primarily with labor movements and addressing any grievances linked to any misconduct like sexual harassment, theft among employees. Strategic contributions to business process by the Human Resource Management is recognized because as a practice in the organization. For example, the department contributes to the overall business processes through the dissemination of the appropriate guidelines and further monitoring the behavior(Marler Fisher, 2013). For example, Microtask SHRM ensures the organization is following the appropriate regulatory guidelines as per the country. In the changing business environment, many firms are now paying greater attention to the department and placed it into a place where it shapes every business performance and process. The HR section is involved with the practice of assessing the worker's job performance and formulating feedback regarding the positive and negative elements identified in the employee's performance. In Microtask, measuring the performance is essential for both the employees and the organization and the individual because the information gained is used to determine the reward and strategies to motivate employees(Sparrow, et al., 2016). On the other hand Reward systems is the function which falls under the category of HR services as well. The mechanism is imperative because it allows the company to provide workers with rewards for passing the set targets and achievements. It also promises for future incentives based on the performance and further address any form of problems using disciplinary techniques. The goal of this is to align the company to the set goals through better employment relation and motivates(Kramar, 2014). Employee Relations Frameworks The concept employee is associated with a particular country or an organization and issued to describe the group efforts applied in the management of relationships between the managers and the workers. If the relations program is right, it means the administration is providing consistent and fair treatment without discrimination. In response, the workers are committed to their tasks and responsibilities and thus shows loyalty to the firm. The objective of these programs aims at preventing and resolving any issues that may arise from issues at the workplace. There is a relationship between HRM and employment relations because the managers apply strategy to accomplish employees related missions such as pay and remuneration benefits, ensuring work-life balance and providing the safe working environment(Kersley, et al., 2013). The report uses three theories to explain how employees relationship can be conceptualized in the workplace. The Unitarist Framework The markets are seen as imperfectly competitive and not deterministic in nature. The workers seek to maximize profit and minimize the cost of production through a range of strategies. The primary assumption of the theory is that both the employers and the employees share common interests and this is known as unitarist employment relationship. This means that the optimal strategies for the companies are aligned to that of the workers in the organizations and this result to long-term interests due to shared values and interests. Besides, the achieving profit is associated with fulfilling work, satisfaction and the fair treatment of employees(Greenwood Van Buren, 2016). The model is very relevant to the modern organization and reflects the reality on the ground. Therefore, the model can be said to be the foundation of the modern human resource management because it focuses on the creation of policies and ensures the implementation of practices that benefit both workers and the management which is also the case for Microtask. Conflict is treated as a suboptimal state of affairs, and the existence of conflict is a reality in the organization. Besides, it is seen as the failure of human resource management to manage it as opposed to embracing it in the employment relationship(Van Buren Greenwood, 2013). The pluralist framework The pluralist model of the employment relations rejects the notions proposed by the unitarist and argues that there exists a plurality when it comes to the working relationship(Khan Ackers, 2004). In other words, both employees and employers do not share the common interest conflicting interests. Both parties to the employment aspire for the organization to profit significantly and the workers to be productive, but this does not prevent the occurrence of conflict between parties. This is because conflict is viewed as the integral aspect of the organization and emerge due to issues of wages, workers flexibility, working conditions and job security(Aguinis, et al., 2014). The model is very relevant in the modern organizations because imperfect labor markets cause the conflicts and the different interests witnessed, and the employment relationship exists in the industrial relations (Khan Ackers, 2004; Armstrong Taylor, 2014). The model can be used to explain the situations that face Microtask. Therefore, according to the model, a working relationship can be said to be a bargained exchange that happens between stakeholders who harbors competing interests and varied elements such as the state and the prevailing environment influences the exchange. While the egoist model argues for complete determinacy in the capitalistic market, the unitarist models propose for policies to balance the interest of all the stakeholders in cases of conflict. However, the pluralist model balances the equity and other interests through labor unions and government regulations(Rainbird, et al., 2004). Egoistic framework According to the framework, the aim of employees includes earning income while the employers are driven by the urge to make a massive profit. Therefore, labor is perceived as a commodity and similar to the productive resource(Rainbird, et al., 2004). The state has a role of enforcing contracts and protecting the property and the rights of both the workers and employers with an objective of fostering free economic transactions. Besides, labor markets are very competitive, and this makes remuneration, benefits, and others as the primary determiner of the employment relationship. These forces of the invisible hand and the labor market are responsible for determining the aspects (Ackers, 2014; Kersley, et al., 2013). Therefore, under the model, the employment relation emerges from mutually-beneficial and voluntary transactions to exchange productive labor by the market offering. The model focuses on the issues of self-interest as opposed to conflict as opposed to other types who emphasizes on the conflict as the central aspect. Besides, power is determined by the market forces such as supply and demand. As such self-interested trades are essential to egoist employment relationship and the right to hire and employee and fire forms the key element of the model. Strategy Changes Recommendations Changes in the international business environment have brought many changes in the organization which requires the company to adopt and makes certain changes for their survival. For the case of Microtask it has experienced success in their operations but these changes have occasioned the changes leading to increased competition which requires the managers to implement retention strategies, changes in remuneration packages and staff development which with an objective of reducing and controlling the cost of reducing business. As such, there have been increased turnovers for the year affecting the key management and engineering positions in the firm. The situations that face the company can be well explained with the pluralist framework as it will be used to explain how the management can change the existing policies and practices that have been there for long. Pluralist theory argues that the existence of conflicts between HR and the employees takes place due to distinct interests. This can be best explained by the changing market forces which have led to imperfect labor markets the model can be used to describe the situations that face Microtask and the actions to be taken toward achieving the solutions(Khan Ackers, 2004). The conflicting interests that Microtask encounters with employees can be managed and resolve through putting systems that allow for the existence of a negotiation system such as collective bargaining. This is an important method of settling the issues that cause high job turnover especially for the senior workers and important positions such as managers. This shows improved links between the employer and employee as compared to when employee have to rely on unions to solve an issue. According to the pluralist theory, Microtask should adopt effective employment relationship interventions to address the conflicts facing the organization such as employee development concerns, remuneration problems, and employee development. The report recommends a consultative approach to the firm management to respond to the issues in the workplace. Furthermore, other alternative strategies and decision-making steps need to be considered to come up with the solution. The model is further useful in the organization it argues that any instances of Conflict should not be overlooked, but the best approach it to manage it effectively through the participation of the primary stakeholders. The problem with Microtask is ignoring the conflicts and proceeding to commission a new facility which is likely to affect its performance in the future(Goetsch Davis, 2014). In fact, the pluralist perspective supports the use of conflict management approaches to engage groups which are in a grievance with the organization and implementation of the solution. For instance, the administration can formulate and implement employee relations policies and try to align them with the interest of the individual and that of the organization. To deal with employee retention in the workplace, the management should apply some strategies such as satisfying the employees' desires and aspiration in the workplace. These includes providing excellent benefits, appreciating them through fair treatment of workers and challenging them by giving them an exciting job(Allen, et al., 2010). Therefore to deal with the issues of retention the management should address the issues highlighted. Further, the management can use incentives and other strategies that are meant to keep the workers motivated a making them feel equity of their rewards to keep them focused(Kramar, 2014). On the issues of employee development, the management needs to embrace training, coaching, mentoring and personal development. The strategy ensures employees develop their physical, mental and professional experience in the workplace. It also helps them develop soft skills such as communication and self-awareness that makes them perform effectively. Training the employees helps in instilling competencies to employees, sharpen the existing expertise and knowledge to help them develop in the workplace (Schuler, et al., 2011; Khan Ackers, 2004). Conclusion In conclusion, strategic human management in the organization plays a critical role such as job analysis and evaluation, employment relations, professional development and boosting the competitive analysis of the organization. There are three models of working relationship used in the study and they include unitary, pluralist and egoistic models that explain employee relation with the management. The focus of the models includes the presence and absence of conflict and the role of trade unions in the workplace. The report recommends the pluralist framework as the best model for the understanding of the management and employee relations and the Microtask should, therefore, ensure professional development with staff and collective bargaining to address the underlying issues of employees retention and remuneration. Bibliography Ackers, P., 2014. Rethinking the employment relationship: a neo-pluralist critique of British industrial relations orthodoxy. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(18), pp. 2608-2625. Aguinis, H., Shapiro, D., Antonacopoulou, E. Cummings, T., 2014. Scholarly impact: A pluralist conceptualization. Academy of Management Learning Education, 13(4), pp. 623-639. Allen, D., Bryant, P. Vardaman, J., 2010. Retaining talent: Replacing misconceptions with evidence-based strategies. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 24(2), pp. 48-64. Armstrong, M. Taylor, S., 2014. Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Goetsch, D. Davis, S. .., 2014. Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson.. Greenwood, M. Van Buren, H., 2016. Ideology in HRM scholarship: Interrogating the ideological performativity of New Unitarism. Journal of Business Ethics, 43(8), pp. 1-16. Jackson, S., Schuler, R. Jiang, K., 2014. An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management. The Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), pp. 1-56. Kersley, B. et al., 2013. Inside the workplace: findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey.. New Delhi: Routledge. Khan, A. Ackers, P., 2004. Neo-pluralism as a theoretical framework for understanding HRM in sub-Saharan Africa. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 15(7), pp. 1330-1353. Kramar, R., 2014. Beyond strategic human resource management: is sustainable human resource management the next approach?. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(8), pp. 1069-1089. Marler, J. Fisher, S., 2013. An evidence-based review of e-HRM and strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 23(1), pp. 18-36. Rainbird, H., Munro, A. Holly, L., 2004. The employment relationship and workplace learning. Workplace learning in context, pp. 38-53. Schuler, R., Jackson, S. Tarique, I., 2011. Framework for global talent management: HR actions for dealing with global talent challenges. Global talent management, pp. 17-36. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. Chung, C., 2016. Globalizing human resource management. London: Routledge. Storey, J., 2014. New Perspectives on Human Resource Management. London: Routledge. Van Buren, H. Greenwood, M., 2013. Unitarist Ideology in HRM: Challenging the Dominant Framework Using Epistemological Analysis. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2013, No. 1, p. 14465). Academy of Management.

Panera Bread Growth and Expansion

Abstract Panera Group is an organization that is involved with the bakery and delivery of fresh dough products. The company also runs restaurants that sell fresh products to its clients. Since its establishment, the company provides high quality fresh products.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Panera Bread Growth and Expansion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Due to its competitive advantage in quality and freshness of the products, the company charges high prices leading to its revenue growth. The growth in revenue enabled the company to increase its operation in other regions by establishing new units. This study examines the strategic options for the company to grow and expand after analyzing its strengths and weaknesses. Synopsis Every organization usually aims at profit maximization and cost minimization. Panera Bread Corporation also has similar objectives in addition to providing high quality fre sh dough products to its clients. The company realized increased profit consecutively since 1997. Due to increased revenue, the company diversified by establishing new manufacturing and distribution units in the year 2000. Due to the legal and policy uncertainties in the year 2000 following political environment, the diversification of the company took longer than thought. However, the long diversification process led to a reduction in the revenue earned by the company with the company realizing only 9.1% and 12% growth in annualized unit volumes and sales revenue in the year 2003. The analysis of the company reveals that it operates in a highly competitive industry. The company strength of fresh high quality products has enabled the company effectively compete with its competitors. The company sells its products in outlets including restaurants. However, there is an opportunity for the company to reduce operating costs by using e-commerce and door-to-door deliveries. This approach can enable the company venture into low and middle-income regions. Such strategy will reduce its threats and further improve its gradually reducing revenue. Company overview Panera Bread is a Bread company that is based in Missouri. Ken Resenthal established it in 1987 under the name Saint Louis Bakery. The company began trading its shares publicly in 1993 while in 1998 it changed its name to Panera Bread. Apart from bread, the company also bakes other fine bakery products using fine and high quality and pure ingredients.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"Neighborhood bakery† concept is utilized by Panera Bread to measure the level of freshness of bread by the hour. The company is dedicated to high quality production that indicted by high quality baked products. The company participates in corporate social responsibility to the community by giving to th e needy the unsold products. Current Situation A current Performance The current position of the bank is not good due to its reducing sales revenue that arises from the low demand of the company’s products. Despite the expansion of the company’s new units, the firm has realized reduced growth in annualized growth volumes and sales when compared to other years. For instance, the increase in the annualized unit volumes and comparable sales increased by only 9.1% and 12% respectively in the year 2000. The performance of the company improved in terms of revenue and profit as indicated in the figure below. Strategic posture Mission The mission statement is â€Å"A loaf of bread in every arm† (Panera, 2006, p. 2). The mission is not inclusive because it leaves out its employees in their operations in the bakery. Objectives The objective of the bakery is â€Å"With the single goal of making great bread broadly available to consumers across America, Panera Bread freshl y bakes more bread each day than any bakery-cafe concept in the country† (Shaich, 2003, p. 11). Strategic managers Board of Directors The company has a classified board of directors that is divided into three classes that have equal number of directors. Currently, the company has five members of board of directors that are divided into three classes. They are â€Å"Domenic Colasacco and Robert T. Giaimo, with terms ending in 2003; George E. Kane and Larry J. Franklin, with terms ending in 2004; and Ronald M. Shaich, with a term ending in 2005† (Shaich, 2003, p. 15-20). The shareholders do elect the new directors of the company at each annual general meeting for a full term period of three years. Top Management The top management of the company makes decision in consultation with the board of directors. The top management acts as a strategic organ of the company because it strategically makes strategic decision that lead to the improvement of the performance of the compa ny (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-1).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Panera Bread Growth and Expansion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ronald M. Shaich, who is also a member of the board of directors, leads the top management. The executive Vice President of the company Paul E. Twohig and senior vice presidents heading different departments in the company assist the director. The management is very experienced in business and is responsible for the growth of the company (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 225). External Environment Natural Environment The natural environment of Panera Bread is based on bread that is baked freshly using natural yeast, flour and water.   In order for the company to be successful, the preparation and maintenance of the yeast is a key factor to providing a  good product to customers.   The yeast must be cultured fed and tended to by the attentive hands of master bakers. The refore, if the yeast is not properly maintained the process will slow down and die, and the bread would not rise (Wheelen and Hunger 29-1).   Another part of the natural environment is the casual atmosphere that Panera Bread provides for its customers.  Panera Bread provides a coffee shop style environment that invites an upscale dà ©cor, wireless internet, and a place to meet casually or for business. Panera Bread delivers its dough products fresh within the most favorable distribution distance radius of 200 miles. However, weather makes the work of distributing the company’s dough products difficult to stores located in regions that experience bad snowstorms. Societal Environment In terms of Panera Bread’s societal environment, there are a number of factors involved when it comes to economics, technological, political-legal and socio cultural.   The company strategically builds its facilities in affluent populations thus making it attracting to customers who a re willing to try different tastes and styles without the worry of paying more (Wheelen and Hunger 29-4). Panera Bread Company uses state of the art computer hardware and software that collects data and tracks marketing information, the average spending of each customer and product mix (Wheelen and Hunger, 2010, 29-15).   The company also embraces the concept of meeting the dining needs of its customers by providing breakfast, lunch, daytime â€Å"chill-out† lunch in the evening and take- home bread (Wheelen and Hunger, 2010, p. 29-3). Political and legal environment for the company are related because most legal regulations are influenced by politics. The uncertainty in legal and regulation policies surround the operations of the company. Political and legal policies uncertainty affected the growth and expansion of the bakery.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, general elections in the year 2000 led to uncertainties in policies that the new political administration will formulate and implement hence slowing the expansion of the company. The social cultural environment for the company affects the operations of the company. Since consumers desire goods that are advertised on TV, the company incurs high expenses on TV adverts and promotion of its products. Task Environment Panera Bread’s task environment attracts a variety of customers such as movie- goers, shoppers, seniors, business and sales professionals (Wheelen and Hunger 29-3).   The menu offers the expertise and strength of the company’s bakery by proving quality soups, made to order sandwiches and beverages (Wheelen and Hunger 29-9). Although the company does very little advertising, the company relies on customers to stop in and try them out.  No new entrants can be compared to Panera Bread.  However, there are competitors who offer something simila r with specialty foods and casual dining (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 109). Internal Environment Situation Analysis (SWOT) Ronald Shaich started the Cookie Jar in 1980, which grew into a joint venture with Louis Kane and eventually became Panera Bread Company (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-2, p. 197). At the time the company went public it would have been considered a divisional structure (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-2, p. 147). As it sold off Au Bon Pain Co, it became more of a functional structure (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-2, p. 147). Panera Bread’s corporate culture seems to be very good and not anything was said against it. Panera is very dedicated to human resources management and holding a strong professionalism within the company (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-16). Important is how the employees feel and treat the customers that can set the mood for an entire company. Panera Bread has a lot going for them in the way of resources. As a very important resource, they hav e their CEO Ronald Shaich and their master artisan baker Mile Marino (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-1, p. 29-13). Ronald Shaich started it all with a phenomenal recipe that grew like wild flowers (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-1). Mile Marino has been with the company since 1987 and he manages the company’s fresh dough baking operations (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-13). The second resource that Panera has is the franchise operations. Having a successful franchise operation can make the company grow faster along with bringing in a percentage of sales from all the stores (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-11). As of 2003, there were 429 franchised bakery-cafes open and commitments to open up another 409 (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-11). The third resource that Panera has is the management information system. All the Paneras have computerized cash registers, but they give a lot more information than most businesses (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-15). These systems can do many things, such as help with cost managing, scheduling Strengths The first strength of Panera Bread Company lies in its corporate resources. The company has skilled leadership that has ensured its success in not only baking high quality bread and dough products, but also financial performance (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 42). Through his leadership, Shaich has led to the development of the competitive advantage of the company in sourdough that enables the company produce and distributes fresh dough products. Using its corporate strategic resources, the company has been able to provide its clients with fresh high quality dough products. Not all companies are able to do that and it has enabled the company to increase it market share. The second strength of the company is the ability of the company to frequently change its menu in the restaurants to fit into consumer taste and preferences. Panera Bread changes its menu frequently to suit the changing taste and preferences of the consumers. Through this strength, the company has been able to maintain a large number of loyal customers. Weaknesses The first weakness of the company is high prices that are charged to its fresh products. The company offers fresh bread and dough products daily to its customers. When it is compared with its competitors that offer organic food products, the company sells its products at higher prices. The high prices that are charged by the company are not favorable to some middle and low-income clients. Additionally, the prices of food products in Panera restaurants are higher than its competitors are. The second and major weakness of the company is the incompetence of the company in research and development. Although there are limited field of research and development in the industry, the company does not have established department in charger of research and development or innovation. Opportunities The company has its first opportunity as diversifying its product mix. This is because it has a diver se culture of consumers who are capable of meeting the company’s price demands without any doubts. Since the company conducts market research on consumer taste and preferences, it should utilize the report to produce substitutes for specific customer segments. Additionally, the company operates restaurants that offer expresso bar drinks. It should exploit the opportunity of extending its options and offer a variety such as syrups that are sugar free (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 278-80). The second opportunity is establishment of international franchise agreements. The company has succeeded in establishment of franchise business. By internationalizing using franchise business, the company will be able to operate in international markets and be able to improve its financial performance further through increased international outlets. Threats The first threat facing the Panera Bread is the threat of rivalry from the company’s competitors in the industry. The competitors inc lude Starbucks Corporation, Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc. and Eighnstein Noah Rest Group. The competitors are very aggressive and the company must keep up with the pace on competitiveness in order to maintain its position in the market. The competitors pose a threat to the existence of the company (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 110-114). The second threat to the existence of the company is the threat of new entrants in the industry. Due to the free entry and exit in the industry, new entrants have entered the industry leading to market saturation (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 110-11). Any person or organization with enough capital can establish a restaurant. The advantage of new restaurants is that customers are willing to try them while looking for a variety of meals. Panera competes with new entrants in the industry by providing a variety of meals to its clients. Review of Current Mission and Objectives The current mission statement of the company is not effective because it does not refle ct the actions and needs of the entire organization. The mission statement does not spell out the organizational culture of the firm especially with in relation to its employees. However, the mission statement is successful in enabling the company achieve fresh delivery of dough products to its clients. Strategic Alternatives and Recommended Strategy Strategic Alternatives The first alternative strategy for the firm is to utilize its internal strength of a strong corporate culture. The company has a very strong corporate structure that is promoted by the management. Using such a culture, the management should increase communication and teamwork. Promotion of teamwork in the company is important because it increase employee performance and strengthen the returns of the company on assets and investments (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 29-16). The company ha san alternative strategy of offering substitutes to its clients. Most customers do conduct their meetings in offices rather than in re staurants. The company has established new conference rooms that offer clients a better environment for meetings compared to their offices. In addition, meetings held in the restaurant conference rooms are accompanied by high quality coffee provided by the company restaurants. The external environment offers the opportunity of franchising to the company. The company should use the franchising opportunity to venture into other countries especially in Europe. Through franchising strategy, the company will be able to reduce operating costs by economies of scale and economies of scope (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 278-80). Recommended Strategy Panera Bread Company is known for the quality of its products. In order to sustain its continued high performance, the management of the company should pursue the diversification strategy. Diversification and integration will ensure growth and expansion of the company while maintaining high revenue as before. Outsourcing is another important strategy that will lead to reduced costs for the company. The company uses wheat and other resources that are used in production. Sourcing goods from countries such as China where goods are produced cheaply is an option that should not be ignored. The simplification of the company product through value engineering is important for the management because it will reduce operations costs and maintain high quality fresh dough products. Additionally, the company can overcome the competitiveness pressure by producing substitutes to its competitor products (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 278-80). Implementation The above strategies are formulated by the top management of the company and are implemented by the entire workforce in the organization. The management should work with their subordinates to implement the strategies. The success of the implementation depends on the level of communication in the firm. High level of communication ensures that the management is able to issues instructions to their juniors and their juniors are able to seek clarifications where instructions are not clear. Through high levels of communication in the company, the management can involve their subordinates in formulating policies and programs that will lead to successful implementation of the outsourcing, diversification and integration strategies (Wheelen Hunger, 2010, p. 272). Fiscal year 2011 – Panera Bread will begin the implementation of its strategy. The company should begin by market analysis on the cultural diversity of its market and the changes in tastes and preferences. Panera Bread has an active marketing team that collects market consumer information. The team should take a six months survey on the consumer tastes and preferences and the necessary changes required in the firm. The survey findings should be evaluated a plan made to execute the changes. Fiscal Year 2012 – in this fiscal year, Panera Bread should utilize the market survey and strategic plan to launch new products. The new products should be included in the new menu of the company. In the course of the year, the company should monitor the performance of each of its outlet units and the recommendations made at the end of the year. Additionally, the company should establish substitutes to its competitors especially the new entrants in the industry. The substitutes can include establishment of conference rooms in its restaurants to pull clients from holding meetings and conferences in offices. Fiscal year 2013 – the company should close down poor performing outlet units and open new outlets in new strategic markets identified through the market survey. The closure of the poor performing units and their replacement of new high performing units will lead to increased financial performance of the company. Fiscal Year 2014 – following the increased revenue in the prior year resulting from new ventures and closure of poor performing outlet units, the company should use the earn ed revenue to set up a research and development center. The research and development center will supplement the market surveys by carrying out research in food varieties to be provided by the company in the restaurants. The segmentation of the market will help the RD section to provide food variety to specific market groups such as the diabetic and people with specific needs. Fiscal year 2015 – the company should continue monitoring its outlets while re-evaluating its pricing strategies. Given the company’s customer loyalty, the company should seek possible mergers and acquisitions even as it evaluates its entire operations. Evaluation and Control We are confident that our suggestions for Panera Bread will exceed expectations. However, in order to maintain the successes this strategic plan will bring, Panera Bread must monitor its progress and quickly move to resolve any issues that may arise. The company should use a balanced scorecard to evaluate how its customers an d shareholders view it. Some traditional financial measures such as Return on Investments (ROI), Return on Equity (ROE) and net earnings should be used to measure its financial performance. This form of evaluation monitors Panera Bread’s activities in terms of overall strategy and vision. It also gives the top management a balanced view of its organizational measures of service delivery, operational efficiency and financial performance. The balanced score card should be measured by a set up team by the firm. The team will be able to provide feedback of internal business processes and external outcomes in order to improve strategic performance and results. The balanced score card is the best method for Panera bread because it includes necessary feedback of the customers of Panera Bread. Ultimately, if customers are not satisfied, they will find other retailers that will meet their needs. References Panera, (2006). Panera Bread Conmpany: 2006 Annual Report. Web. Shaich, R. (200 3). Panera Bread Company 2006 Annual Report to Stockholders. Web. Wheelen, T. Hunger, D. (2010). Strategic Management and Business Policy Achieving Sustainability. 12 Ed. Prentice Hall. This critical writing on Panera Bread Growth and Expansion was written and submitted by user C0tt0nm0uth to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Case Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect Social Work Essay Essay Example

Case Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect Social Work Essay Essay Example Case Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect Social Work Essay Essay Case Study Of Child Abuse And Neglect Social Work Essay Essay The undermentioned describes a instance survey scenario in which I am an experient, protective services worker about to make the first place visit with a new household. It goes on to theorize what might go on, the households reactions, cultural fluctuations and battle tools and recommendations. While many service bureaucratisms focus on a individual household member as the client or patient, my site visits suggested that the demands of kids in peculiar ( and likely other household members every bit good ) may be impossible to work out, and possibly even to name, if a plan s focal point is on the single kid instead than the household. In fact, plans may necessitate to larn a great trade about the household as a whole if they are to name and work out the jobs of kids. At the simplest degree, an illustration is a job for a babe that is caused by interaction between a adolescent female parent and her ain female parent, the babe s grandma: [ One social worker: ] Most of the grandparents will state them, Do nt keep the babe, you re traveling to botch it. . . . I spend a batch of clip seeking to speak to grandparents. [ Another social worker: ] [ You ] hold to travel back to the grandparents. These childs [ the teens ] all they hear is You re stupid. I did nt make it that ma nner. So after a piece they figure, If I touch this babe, it s incorrect. So, Here, mama, take it ( Jones, 2004 ) . Two illustrations are shown below, to exemplify more to the full the manner in which kids s demands are nested in a household context and closely connected with the parents and other household members ain personal wellbeing. The first illustration comes from Oklahoma s Integrated Family Services ( IFS ) System, which serves multiproblem households: A seven-year-old male child came to the attending of a school chief because of both physical and emotional wellness jobs. The male child had long been prone to ictuss and suicidal behaviour and was merely get downing to endanger other kids. When the principal called IFS, he found that IFS was already working with the household because the female parent was on AFDC and herself had multiple jobs. The IFS worker called a meeting of all of the bureaus who had contact with the household to speak about the kid s demands. As a consequence, the male child was admitted and sent to a diagnostic centre for several months of proving and intervention ; the female parent received needed services such as mental wellness intervention and literacy preparation ; and the Child Protective Services worker changed her head about the possible results for the instance and concluded that the female parent had the possible to be an equal parent ( Huston, 2003 ) . In this illustration, the demands of the kid turned out to be related to the demands of the female parent and, possibly more of import for the service bringing system, portion of the solution to the kid s demands lay in supplying services to the female parent so that she could assist him. Harmonizing to an IFS instance worker, What the kid truly [ may ] demand is a female parent who can get by ( Herr, et al 1999 ) . In the 2nd illustration, in which run intoing a kid s demands once more depends on an grownup s wellbeing, functioning the kid depends critically on the service Jesus s relationship with the grownup. The illustration comes from a site visitant who accompanied a instance director on a place visit: The instance director made a place visit to a immature ( 18-year-old ) female parent who had suffered physical and sexual maltreatment as a kid. During the visit, the instance director picked up and played with the immature adult female s 8-month-old kid and observed how the kid responded. Then she asked the female parent a specific inquiry about her experience with the kid: Did she of all time feel as though she were mounting the walls and merely had to acquire out of the house when the babe was shouting? The immature adult female said yes, and the instance director asked what she did at such times: Was there anyone she could go forth the kid with so that she could travel on a walk? The adolescent responded that either she left the babe with her friend downstairs and went for a walk, or she put the kid in the cot, closed the door partway, and went into another room. The instance director seemed satisfied with these responses, and she subsequently told the interviewer that, while s he has no ground to surmise any maltreatment or disregard in this instance, she realizes that the adolescent is slightly unstable and under great emphasis, so she likes to maintain close ticker on what is traveling on ( Pelton, 2008 ) . In this illustration, the instance director s cardinal part to the kid s well-being comes through her attending to and friendship with the female parent. Merely the instance director s strong personal relationship with the adolescent enabled her to maintain a changeless oculus on the instance while non being perceived by the adolescent as intrusive, merely the strong relationship permitted her diagnosing that the kid was making all right, and merely the relationship permitted her to supply preventative services in the signifier of subdued advice. These links between a kid s demands and the wellbeing of the household as a whole reinforce the decision that effectual household service Jesuss need a trusting relationship with the household and an ability to make out across systems ( Crosson, 2010 ; pg 12 ) . In peculiar, the links between kid and household well-being suggest that functioning kids in multiproblem households requires that the service Jesus know both kid and household good and be able to make out across the service system to assist all household members. 2. ) We shall now discourse the three types of bars with illustrations. Many of the preventative services offered by the sites ( Wolock, 1984 ) rearing instruction and support for parents ability to foster their children-occur non through formal services but through the relationship between the household and the instance director. However, several of the sites besides provide more formal services, such as support groups, categories, or workshops. For illustration, all three of the adolescent parent plans provide adolescent support groups that touch on rearing issues every bit good as other subjects such as self-esteem, wellness and nutrition, and household planning. In add-on to knowledge about parenting, these plans by and large emphasize supplying female parents with the heat and support that they are seen to necessitate in order to be warm and supportive, in bend, to their kids. Some of the plans besides emphasize the existent pattern of new attitudes and accomplishments in interacting with kids ( Herr, et al 1999 ) . For illustration, in the TASA Following Step plan, adolescent parent support groups are paired with on-site kid attention, and the Sessionss are planned so that female parents meet without their kids for the first part of the visit and with the kids for the 2nd. What precisely does it intend to function kids through this instance direction relationship? What does the relationship offer besides referral to specific, functional services like those already discussed? More by and large, the family-oriented instance directors in the site plans serve kids by: 1 Keeping an oculus on kids themselves and assisting households gauge how their kids are making ; 2 Supplying parents with support and friendly relationship, aid in bettering of import household relationships and in covering otherwise with their kids, and information about parenting or kids ; 3 Supplying friendly relationship, support, and function theoretical accounts for a kid straight ; and promoting other service Jesuss to react more efficaciously to a kid s demands. In several plans, instance directors struggle to convey together their function in relation to a individual client, such as a adolescent female parent or a school age kid, with their function in relation to the household as a whole. In these successful illustrations, instance directors reported incorporating those functions to see the kid in a household context instead than recommending for one household member against another, but non all experiences were every bit successful. In add-on, instance directors operated with quite different degrees of preparation in kid development and household operation ; once more, the illustrations illustrated in this paper show what is possible with preparation and, in several instances, expert backup support. 3. The undermentioned discusses the social alterations that should be made to protect kids in the 21st century. Childs who are turning up in poorness or other sorts of demand are likely to come into contact with other big public bureaus besides the public assistance system: the public schools, community wellness clinics or metropolis infirmaries, and, possibly, unhappily, the province s kid protective services bureau. What are the deductions of the findings presented here for the other big public bureaus that see hapless kids and households? To set the inquiry somewhat otherwise, what rules would we use to each system if we wanted to make a consistent web of services to kids? While this survey was non designed to look into other service systems in any item, the research sites do propose several challenging guesss ( Crosson, 2010 ) . First, other bureaus besides the public assistance section can and should see what it means to be two-generational. As the research sites and the grounds of other research workers suggest, household demands are frequently intertwined, whereas the services offered b y many of the big systems are limited to a individual household member ( Jones, 2004 ) . A figure of plan illustrations from the site visits and other beginnings illustrate what it means for service suppliers other than the public assistance section to be two-generational in their focal point: aˆ? The PACE plan in Kentucky, with its combination of grownup literacy and preschool instruction operates within the public schools. In add-on to offering two-generational services to households that are straight enrolled in PACE, the plan manager sees PACE as a vehicle for altering the thought of the public schools toward a greater inclusion of parents and other household members. Child protective services workers in several of the research sites found that working with intensive instance directors helped them appreciate the demands on parents that made it hard for the latter, in bend, to react to the demands of the kid. This penetration lies behind a assortment of household support and household saving plans now being deployed as portion of the kid public assistance services continuum in a figure of provinces. The purpose of these plans is to offer services to both parent and kid to better household operation and enable the kid to remain in the place ( Wolock, 1984 ) . Visiting nurse plans enable wellness attention suppliers to see parents and kids together and function the whole household. Maternal and child wellness clinics with other collocated services besides offer the chance to run into the demands of several household members. In several locations in New England, Head Start plans are be aftering or already runing plans jointly with instruction and preparation plans for female parents on public assistance. These plans include concerted undertakings with vocational high schools and with a community preparation bureau. The ways in which public assistance bureaus have overcome these barriers may good offer penetrations to other bureaus ( Jones, 2004 ) . For illustration, public assistance bureaus at the successful sites have overcome the restrictions of their initial authorization by developing a clear and sustainable mission that makes dear why services to kids and households are portion of the public assistance bureau s occupation. In order to spread out services, schools, wellness clinics, and kid protective services bureaus may likewise necessitate to joint connexions between an initial, narrower mission and the broader, family-centered mission that they would wish to accomplish ( Crosson, 2010 ) . Therefo re, schools may reason that they can non learn kids without a collaborative relationship with parents, that they can non learn kids without turn toing the jobs that keep them from being ready to larn, or that they can non learn adolescent female parents efficaciously without turn toing their functions as parents every bit good as pupils. Child protective services bureaus may reason that maps such as heightening household stableness and debaring Foster attention are more effectual over the long tally than supplying after-the-fact intervention. 4. ) Discuss the cardinal similarities and the differences between the residuary effects of disregard, physical maltreatment, and sexual maltreatment. What implications does this cognition have for future bar, intercession and intervention attempts? While both formal and informal services at the sites are geared to forestalling child maltreatment and neglect, plan instance directors sometimes find that they need to take stronger, more drastic steps to guarantee a kid s safety and wellbeing. Case directors in a figure of the plans call on kid protective services workers for informal audience and aid when they are disquieted about a household, and several said that they had made child protective referrals ( hotlined a household ) at least one time ( Pelton, 2008 ) . The informal audience appears to travel both ways: Child protective services workers in several locations reportedly ask the site instance directors to maintain an oculus on households which they worry about but can non function themselves, given their caseload of even more pressing crises. The worker must be able to traverse professional boundaries to run into a broad assortment of household demands. In order to function the kid, he or she must besides develop a relationship with the whole household, since the kid s wellbeing is frequently closely bound up with the wellbeing of other household members. No bureau trying to travel in a two-generational way should anticipate the alteration to be easy ( Wolock, 1984 ) . Many of the obstructions experienced by public assistance bureaus apply merely as forcefully to the other big service systems for hapless kids and households. For illustration, troubles of mission pestilence both schools and kid public assistance bureaus that consider making out to parents, merely as they hamper public assistance bureaus that consider making out to kids. In the school scene, instructors, decision makers, and elected superintendents may worry that a mission of academic excellence will be compromised by excessively much attending to the multi ple needs that kids and their households bring into the schoolroom. For kid public assistance bureaus, the struggle is even more blunt: In an bureau whose mission is to protect kids, many of whom are in pressing danger, how can it be legitimate to pay comparable attending to their parents? Similarly, each system suffers isolation from other service Jesuss and deficiency of expertness in the multiple jobs of households. Each experiences its ain set of demands on workers and on the organisation as a whole, demands that must be balanced against the demands of households in any successful solution.

Factors that influence Major League and Minor League Baseball

Factors that influence Major League and Minor League Baseball Introduction The field of games is a rather demanding area that calls for a fair deal of devotion if one is to succeed in it. Games come in different categories. However, inasmuch as each category wishes to attract fans based on its records of fabulous performance, it is crucial to note that various factors boost and or lower the performance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Factors that influence Major League and Minor League Baseball specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The paper narrows down to the baseball game. Major league and minor league baseball attendance are affected by a myriad of factors ranging from the motivational factors that attract fans, to ticket pricing. In between these two extremes, scholarly works have shown a number of factors to be significant in influencing the attendance in baseball matches. Meehan, Nelson and Richardson (2007, p.572) sheds light that, â€Å"A host of factors influenc es the demand for sports, including the price of tickets, fan income, the population of the drawing area, team quality, and the age of the stadiums in which teams play†. Other factors include crowd control, parking, and concession. These factors are what researchers  have referred to as environmental factors. Fans of a given sport differ enormously from fans of another sport and hence the factors that affect their attendance in the matches are widely controlled to a different extent by the same factors. What this means is that one factor may have positive effects in drawing the spectators to cheer up a given match while in a different sport, it may produce the opposite effects. With this in mind, this paper introspect the factors that affect sports attendance with reference to principal and minor baseball league. The complexity and magnitude of promotions and marketing of entertainments products during the matches ardently influence major baseball leagues. Other factors that are given consideration in the paper includes but not limited to team quality, top prospects, ticket pricing, prospects of terrorism, influence of international players and location of base ball facilities. However, these factors widely act in a combination mode and hence they influence attendance compositely. Major and minor baseball league attendance Promotions Various scholarly works have confirmed promotions to increase attendance of baseball contests. Various types of promotions, however, influence attendance differently. As Gitter and Rhoads (2011, p.345) claim, â€Å"While price promotions affected attendance negatively in all clubs, non-price and combinations of promotions were associated with an increase in attendance for all teams.†Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Butler conducted a study of determinants of the minor games attendance in 2006 Carolina baseball league. The analysis of the study predominantly focused on the effect of different promotions conducted during the game day, as opposed to promotions conducted throughout the season. In this regard, Butler (2002, p.328) posits that, â€Å"The operation of Major League Baseball (MLB) teams is a remarkably complex enterprise involving the marketing of a diverse multi-dimensional entertainment commodity. Apart from promotion of concession products: soft drinks, hot dogs and the likes, promotion of home teams tickets increases the attendance for home teams fans. Increased buying power goes hand in hand in the provision of the positive response to promotional campaigns. Arguably, the demand for tickets and hence the attendance during minor baseball leagues is impeccably affected by income per capita. Butler (2002, p.328) reckons that, â€Å"the higher the per capita income in the host county (or host city) for a minor league team, the greater demand for tickets in th at county.† Attendance for minor base ball league, consequently, is a function of factors that affect the demand for the home team tickets and the factors that impede the promotion of the home team entertainment products. Using the data generated form Carolina baseball league attendance in the year 2006. Butler (2002, p.334) found out that â€Å"attendance, expressed in relative terms as a number of persons in attendance as a percent of stadium capacity was directly related to the per capita income of the county or the city of the host team†. The attendance was also a function of the other benefits such fare deals of foods and drinks products. Reduction of food and drinks prices sold during the matches and other products for home teams such as caps, T-shirts are promotion endeavors, which have a tremendous capacity to draw a substantial volume of attendance (Gifis, 2006, p.513). Scheduling the games on Saturday and Fridays has also the capacity to increase attendance. C onsequently, given the capacity of the promotions to increase the attendance, combining the two has an ability to raise the attendance even more. Team quality Team quality affects not only major league baseball attendance, but also minor league attendance. According to Gitter and Rhoads (2010) â€Å"there is evidence that minor and MLB are substitutes as increased ticket prices for the nearest MLB team lead to higher minor league attendance if that team is within 100 miles† (p.620). Most fans interpret quality of the team as reflective of its performance. Maintained satisfactory performance stands a perfect chance of increasing the team’s attractiveness before the eyes of its supporters.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Factors that influence Major League and Minor League Baseball specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A study conducted by Greenstein and Marcumin 1982 revealed that major baseball att endance was a function of win-loss record in previous matches (Kahane Shmanske, 1997, p.427). In the variance of attendance, 25% of it was accounted for by the team’s record of performance. Attractiveness or rather the quality of the team plays pivotal roles in making the decision to attend. Arguably, the fans of given Baseball team whether in major or minor leagues attend games to celebrate the winning of their team. In case a team has been recording losses more than wins, most of the fans will tend to shun from attendance since they do not want to be part of loss. This perhaps leads to the appreciation of the significance of considering the team’s quality in determining the attendance of major and minor Baseball league. As Kahane and Shmanske (1997, p.434) reckon, â€Å"The attractiveness of the visiting team (its quality, the presence of star players, the strength of its rivalry with the home team, etc.) is a second crucial factor in fans decision making about gam e attendance† (p.40). Congruent with this view, if a visiting team has recorded a negative record in terms of performance, most likely the home team fans are likely to attend in large numbers even though the visiting team might have not held contests previously with the home team. According to Gitter and Rhoads (2010) â€Å"†¦local or regional MLB team’s winning percentage only has a positive impact on minor league attendance when they are affiliated clubs† (p.614). Thus, it is plausible to argue that affiliation of teams coupled with fans perceptions about their team’s quality has an impeccable influence in determining whether to attend or not to attend a major or minor Baseball league competition. Top prospects The existing enthusiasm among fans to see the future baseball star contributes to increased attendance during the minor leagues. According to Gitter and Rhoads (2010), â€Å"Baseball America, a leading industry publication, ranks 100 top pro spects that have yet to play substantially in the principal leagues† (p.614). For a whole year, the one hundred prospects develop within their localities before taking part in major leagues. Fans attend baseball minor leagues driven by enthusiasm to have a glimpse of the likely star to take part in the major leagues. The study conducted by Gitter and Rhoads claims that â€Å"only those prospects ranked in the top five and the highest AAA have an impact on their team’s attendance and their impact on attendance is small† (2010, p.615). From these results, it follows that for those stars rated least in the Baseball America ranks for top 100 prospects have little capacity to draw fans attention and hence attendance during their minor base ball leagues.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Arguably, this is perhaps because the majority of the fans interpreted the ranking as likely indication of how such prospects would perform during the matches. This argument consequently takes us to the idea that fans would like to be associated with winning teams rather than losing teams. Since motivation is essentials in any game, the best prospects have the ability to produce baseball stars during the major leagues. Fans produce this motivation since their large attendance serves to give the players the belief that they are the best in the ranking as put forward by Baseball America. It is somewhat subtle to argue that, if top prospects can increase minor league attendance, them if these prospects happens to participate in the major league then, there is no doubt that the attendance will also be high. Unfortunately, this argument tend to infer that only those that who are ranked high by Baseball America have the chances of being Baseball stars during major leagues. Even though, th e ranking of baseball prospects by Baseball America may increase the attendance percentage according to various scholarly studies, the increment is minimal. According to Gitter and Rhoads (2010), â€Å"minor league Baseball player ranking by Baseball America as top prospects increases attendance for minor league team by a minimal amount (less than 2%)† (p.621). However, even though this increment is small, its contribution to sporting facilities revenues increment is quite significant. This is particularly pertinent since most of this revenue goes into improvement of sports facilities. In fact, new facilities have indicated their ability to increase attendance of fans both in minor and major baseball leagues (Roy, 2008, 146). Fear of Terrorism Sporting facilities are crucial targets of terrorist activities. Consequently, various sporting managers anticipate all range of consequences in term of fans attendances especially with increased perceptions and fears of terrorism activ ities. Kalist (2010) laments that, â€Å"sports venues may experience falling ticket sales as the public becomes more concerned about the threat of terrorism† (p.181). Increase of terror alerts results to escalation of reduction of Baseball fans attendance. Kalist reckons that â€Å"during the early days of the nations first-ever increase in the terror-alert level (i.e., rose from yellow to orange) attendance decreased by as much as 12%. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that a team may have lost more than a half million dollars in attendance revenue† (2010, p.181). However, this suggestion faces incredible opposition since the most recent terror alerts has not been positively reflected into a reduction of fans attendance. The researchers of study conducted it in a time perhaps when people were not used to terror attacks threats by the ministry of state security. This is largely because most of the terror attacks threats hardly success. Terror attacks threats that do not materialize. They make the public to lose confidence for government’s announcements of likelihoods of terror attacks. However, sporting facilities remain outstanding targets for terror attacks perhaps due to high anticipations of a large crowd turnout. In fact, â€Å"he Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has made repeated statements about terrorist interest in stadiums† (Kalist, 2010, 189). Convenience and security are perhaps two factors that fans establish tradeoffs. Inadequate security has the capacity to annoy the fans to the level that they may choose never to attend again in the future. This is argument is perhaps more significant and applicable to people who have encountered insecurity instances at one or more attendances. Fears of terrorism have additionally resulted in the increment of insurance costs. For economic reasons, the owners of the stadiums have to extend this cost to the fans in terms of increased tickets, prices. Feeling of insecuri ty fueled by fears of terror attacks affects major and minor baseball leagues attendance negatively both in terms of increase in ticket prices and the need to refrain from places that one is likely to be afflicted by aftermaths of the terror attacks. International players The United States does not dispute the incorporation of foreign players into the Baseball teams. It is widely acceptable among sporting scholars that fans initially attended tournaments to celebrate the achievements of people they regarded as ‘their own’. Does the incorporation of foreign players in the baseball team affect the attendance of the fans? Tainsky and Winfree (2010) demonstrated â€Å"how traditional studies of consumer’s discrimination can be applied to gauge the impacts of international players in sports† (p.126). According to Tainsky and Winfree, the incorporation of a foreign player not only resulted to discrimination amongst the MLB teams players but also affected the tea m’s quality. However, â€Å"the net effect of additional international player has evolved with time from negative to positive† (Tainsky and Winfree, 2010, p.126). More and more fans continue to develop the sense of internationalism. Hence, their attendance in response to incorporation of international players in major Baseball leagues also increases lineally. This is, in fact, immensely vital since as Tainsky and Winfree (2010) reckon, â€Å"MLB, have actively tried to become more international by signing international players or scheduling more games outside the United States† (127). Perhaps also with appreciation of the need to incorporate the international players in the MLB teams, MLB deploys incredible endeavors to advertize base ball tournaments in other languages apart from English. As Tainsky and Winfree (2010) argue â€Å"†¦domestic demand is not affected by international players† (p.127). Opposed to long gone perceptions, global perceptions have resulted to immense alteration of fans regards about international players in the MLB. Furthermore, Tainsky and Winfree (2010) indicate, â€Å"The largest negative change in revenue from an international player came in 1985 with a loss of $731,875. In 2000 when the effect peaked teams increased their revenue by $595,632 from an international player†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p.127). Based on people’s arguments, increased arise from increased attendance. Location of the major league Location influences the attendance of fans in the Baseball tournaments especially the major leagues. Location is significant since it influences other factors such the capacity of the fans to commute. The influence of location to attendance of major Baseball league concerned Winfree, Mittelhammer and Fort who conducted a â€Å" travel-cost model to analyze the attendance impacts on major league baseball (MLB) of the closest substitute MLB team† (2004, p.2117). Majority of the Baseball leagues own ers complains of the probabilities of experiencing uncertainties in terms of finance in future attributable to imbalances of competition problems. As part of the solution to these problems, people have stood an excellent chance of  making many proposals. One of them is that â€Å"MLB should allow owners to move their teams, especially to larger markets to reduce the imbalance† (Winfree, Mittelhammer Fort, 2004, p.2117). One question surface: Does change of location by virtues of relocating a major Baseball facility to a market with more financial capacity help increasing attendance and hence the revenues to the owners of the facilities? Location carries within itself many other factors that might influence attendance such as the existence of other Baseball teams within the area that might acts as substitutes that would have the net effect of reducing the attendance of a certain MLB. Location is significant in the evaluation of factors that influence the attendance since tr avel cost entangles a cost that Baseball fans have to meet. Arguably, if location needs to be significant, then in case there are two facilities within an area that offers equal utilities amongst fans, then it is widely anticipated that the fans would choose to attend the tournament that is closest to them. In this context, it â€Å"implies that attendance lost to a substitute team should be a functions of the distance to that other substitute† (Tainsky and Winfree, 2004, p.2118). Now, it is essential to ask ourselves how prominent location is in comparison to fans loyalty to their teams. From a different dimension, it is crucial to look at the location and its impacts to the attendance of Baseball leagues as a function of other factors that influence the same. Tainsky and Winfree, (2004) posits that â€Å"The utility of a Baseball fan is a function of the number of visits to baseball stadiums, the quality of the teams, the quality of those stadiums, as well as all other goo ds consumed† (p.2118). It is thus worth to argue that, the dominant factor among all these factor wins in terms of contributing and controlling the fans decision to attend a given Baseball competition. Tainsky and Winfree finding claim, â€Å"A travel cost model is used to explain attendance for MLB teams, 1963–1998. At the sample average variable values, a one-mile increase in distance to a substitute MLB team increases attendance by about 1544 fans† (2004,p.2123). These results indicate that in case a substitute team emerges within the vicinity of an existing team, the attendance of the first team is likely to reduce. However, when this teams assume their market share of fans, â€Å"ongoing attendance impacts are small, even when a team might be placed fairly close to another† (Tainsky and Winfree, 2004, p.2123). Bearing in mind the economic consequences change of the location can have on the fans’ attendance, change of location should encompass o ne of the things that owners of Baseball facilities needs to consider before attempting shift the location of their facilities. However, this does not disregard out the weight of other factors that may contribute towards pre-bargaining for the need of relocation. This is largely justifiable since a good number of fans can be willing to attend tournaments of Baseball teams to which they have developed incredible loyalty towards no matter the commuting costs. Ticket pricing Sport teams have three principal sources of income. These sources are â€Å"sales, of media rights, concession sales and ticket sales† (Meehan, Nelson Richardson, 2007, p.572). As a way of ensuring that sport teams have maximized their profits, the team’s owners need to be in possession of ample knowledge about the relationship, between the attendance and the pricing of the tickets. Pricing tickets at higher prices, from the most general dimension and given that the demand is inflexible, means increa sed revenues and hence profits. On the other hand, increased attendance, even without necessarily increasing ticket prices, means increased revenues. However, is it possible for demand to be inflexible even in the helm of increased ticket prices? As Meehan, Nelson and Richardson (2007, p.572) posit, â€Å"A host of factors influences the demand for sports, including the price of tickets, fan income, the population of the drawing area, team quality, and the age of the stadiums in which teams play†. Each of these factors has different impacts on the attendance. For instance, Meehan, Nelson and Richardson (2007, p.574) claims that â€Å"the sensitivity of attendance to changes in the price of tickets (the elasticity of demand) and to changes in average incomes (the income elasticity) may vary from team to team†. Meehan, Nelson and Richardson’s study investigated 23 MLB teams in 1970 to 2003. They deployed series data to make them be at a point to pin point on certa in factors that had a direct influence on the attendance of Baseball leagues. To this extent, ECM (error correction model) came in handy. The results of the study indicated that ticket pricing was amongst the factors that affected the attendance in the baseball league. Their results contend with other scholarly studies that â€Å"MLB ticket prices are set in the inelastic range of demand† (Meehan, Nelson and Richardson 2007, p.577). Setting ticket prices in any elastic range of demand has the effect of reducing demand and hence revenues in case any adjustments are made on the ticket prices. This is perhaps necessary for the purposes of ensuring that ticket pricing does not result to dwindled demand. Reduced demand is a substantial impediment towards ensuring increment of baseball facilities profitability. Conclusion A number of factors affect the attendance of fans in both major and minor baseball leagues. These factors range from incidences of voicing likelihood of terror at tacks, team quality, top prospects, ticket pricing, and influence of international players, promotions and location of Baseball facilities. Before making any policy, the Baseball facilities owners, consequently, need to put all these factors into consideration since they affect the attendance of the fans differently. This goes hand in hand in determining the future financial position of the Baseball clubs. Reference List Butler, M. (2002). Interleague Play and Baseball Attendance.  Journal of Sports  Economics, 3(4), 320-334. Gifis, L. (2006). Promotions and Attendance in Minor League Baseball. Atlantic  Economic Journal, 34(4), 513. Gitter, S., Rhoads, T. (2010). Determinants of Minor League Baseball Attendance. Journal of Sports Economics, 11(6), 614-628. Gitter, S., Rhoads, T. (2011). Top Prospects and Minor League Baseball Attendance.  Journal of Sports Economics, 12(3), 341-351. Kahane, L., Shmanske, S. (1997). Team roster turnover and attendance in major League Base ball. Applied Economics, 29(4), 425-431. Kalist, E. (2010). Terror Alert Levels and Major League Baseball Attendance. International. Journal of Sport Finance, 5(3), 181-192. Meehan, J., Nelson, R., Richardson, T. (2007). Competitive Balance and Game Attendance in Major League Baseball.  Journal of Sports Economics, 8(6), 563-580. Roy, P. (2008). Impact of New Minor League Baseball Stadiums on Game Attendance. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 17(3), 146-153. Tainsky, S., Winfree J. (2010). Discrimination and Demand: The Effect of International Players on Attendance in Major League Baseball. Social Science Quarterly, 91(1), 117-128. Winfree, J., Mittelhammer, R., Fort, R. (2004). Location and Attendance in Major League Baseball. Applied Economics, 36(19), 2117-2124.

Lottery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Lottery - Essay Example This story was later taught to the middle school and high school students. The story talks about an American town which has an annual ritual known as â€Å"The lottery†. It is based on a life of a small village with 300 people living in it. All the residents become extremely excited along with nervous on the 27th June. Children get together and gather stones and all the adults assemble and become united for their great annual event which is linked with their local tradition which is about practicing to ensure that a good harvest is done that year (Jackson, Reg S, 1983). The process of the lottery starts by the head of each family moving forward and drawing a small slip of paper from a black box. This time Bill Hutchinson and his family were picked for drawing a small slip of paper coming out of the black box. Tessie Hutchinson who is the wife of Bill got the market slip (Jackson, S 1982). As per the process and tradition all the villages that have stone will begin to surround Tessie and finally Tessie was stoned to death by the time the story ends. Tessie knew that the situation was extremely unfair but sadly she could do anything about it. The tradition basically is that the lottery preparations start a night before, the task of making the paper slips is assigned to Mr. Graves and Mr. Summers who need to note down the list of all the families. Once the names are properly written down, the slips are kept in a black box which is safely places in the coal company for a night. Everything is closed till 10 am so that everyone can participate in the lottery tradition which takes place around the lunch time. For the first round, men who are drawing the slips need to be over sixteen years and then later on, in the second round the families draw slip no matter whatever age they are of. After the slips were picked, they were allowed to fly off the wind followed by the most brutal act of human sacrifice which this name Tessie Hutchinson had to give. Initially when the novel was published, it was considered to be an extremely controversial novel. The readers were not ready to accept the brutal and cruel reality which was explained through an implicit work of Shirley Jackson. The rituals and the traditions which were explained in the novel about the America’s small town were not something people wanted to accept or openly admit (Jackson, S, Joyce C. Oates, 2010). This cruel story is about the event of lottery which ends up in taking life of poor and innocent people without any solid reason or justification. All the villagers as per the short story gathered at the square to participate in the lottery which was conducted by Mr. Summer. All the children arrive first and gather stones as their parents ask them to do so. Tessie Hutchinson unaware of her sad and unfair future arrives late and starts talking to Mrs. Delacroix. As soon as the process begins and Hutchinson family is selected, Tessie starts protesting and thus the readers here un derstand that though the name says â€Å"The Lottery† the story is not about the family wining money or something big, it is surely something unpleasant and something which no one would want. After the family is selected in the first round, the second round makes the entire family to pick slips. There were five members in Hutchinson